Kitchen countertop made of quartz

It needs to be…

• durable.
• easy to clean and maintain.
• stain-resistant to all liquids, even acids.
• heat-resistant to many different objects (pots, pans…).
• scratch-resistant, to avoid scratches while cutting ingredients on it.
• a suitable match for your tastes and kitchen design.

It’s difficult to find material for kitchen countertops that possesses all these qualities, so a combination of different kinds of materials is perhaps the best option. It’s interesting, practical and probably cheaper. For example, you can use a quality material, such as granite, for places that receive the most frequent use (e.g., around the range or the sink), and you can cover the rest with cheaper material, such as laminate.

Kinds of material for kitchen countertops

The following materials are popular choices for kitchen countertops. Some other, less traditional ones, such as lava stone, paper-base, copper & zinc, are also used, but less often; perhaps they will become popular in the future.

Some of them require comparatively little care and maintenance. Others you will need to maintain regularly (e.g., resealing and/or polishing), according to the instructions of the manufacturer.

1. Natural stone

Expensive, but functional. You can use different types of stone for your kitchen countertops: granite, marble, mineral soapstone, limestone, slate… Each one has its advantages and disadvantages. What unites them is their excellent durability and beauty.

Granite is a stone that possesses highly desirable qualities, and it can be used anywhere in your kitchen; round the sink, round the range, for a food preparation area… If price is a consideration, you might want to use it only for a kitchen island.

Characteristic features…

• extremely durable.
• visually appealing, with a unique pattern for each layer.
• scratch-resistant (in contrast to marble, which is a softer stone).
• heat-resistant.

Disadvantages…

• absorbs liquids; you will need to maintain it regularly.

Learn more about granite countertops.
Learn more about marble countertops.
Learn more about soapstone countertops.
Learn more about slate countertops.

2. Stainless steel

This is a functional, comparatively expensive material. It can be used anywhere in your kitchen; round the sink, round the range, for a food preparation area… You can integrate it with a sink, as a seamless unit. This will facilitate cleaning and gives your countertop an integrated look.

Other qualities…

• neutral color, which facilitates color coordination for your kitchen.
• trouble-free maintenance (this is the choice for countertops in the food service industry).
• heat-resistant.
• stain-resistant and waterproof.

Disadvantages…

• prone to scratching.
• prone to fingerprints.
• easily dented; you need a hard base to attach it to (usually plywood). The hard base also serves to reduce any noise made by objects coming into contact with the steel.

Learn more about stainless steel countertops.

3. Concrete

A comparatively expensive material. Concrete is a good solution if your countertop will have an unusual shape; you can cast it directly in your kitchen.

Characteristic features…

• easy to shape the edges.
• easily integrated with a sink, like the variant with the steel.
• can be painted, polished or textured.
• can be customized according to your needs and desires.

Disadvantages…

• absorbs liquids; you will need to maintain it regularly.
• prone to cracking.
• placing hot utensils on the surface can mar the finish.

Learn more about concrete countertops.

4. Tiles

A comparatively cheap material, although custom-made tiles may be expensive. You can place them anywhere in your kitchen; round the sink, round the range, for a food preparation area…

Characteristic features of ceramic tiles, which are among the most frequently used for kitchen countertops…

• wide range of colors, patterns and textures.
• durable, heat-resistant.
• glazed tiles are stain-resistant and waterproof.
• tile countertops are comparatively cheaper than large slabs.

Disadvantages…

• fragile.
• difficult to knead on them, due to the uneven surface.
• matte tiles absorb liquids; you will need to maintain them regularly.
• the grout between the tiles gathers dirt.

Learn more about tile countertops.

5. Laminate

An artificially produced, low-cost material, laminate is one of the most frequently used materials for kitchen countertops. It’s best to put it in places in your kitchen that are not used frequently, because its quality is not as high as that of some of the other materials.

Characteristic features…

• beautiful and affordable.
• a wide range of colors, patterns and textures.
• can resemble ceramic, stone or hardwood.
• easy to shape the edges.

Disadvantages…

• prone to scratching.
• vulnerable to heat.
• fragile.
• once damaged (burns, scratches…), it is difficult to repair.

Learn more about laminate countertops.

6. Wood

A natural, comparatively cheap material. A very good variant is to use it as a butcher’s block, inserted in a countertop made of other material. Butcher block countertops are ideal for preparing food on.

Characteristic features…

• warm, comforting appearance.
• a wide range of finishes, shapes and designs.
• easy to shape the edges.
• minor damage to the countertops is easily repaired by sanding.

Disadvantages…

• vulnerable to heat and moisture; you can spoil it if it is placed near the range or the sink.
• absorbs liquids; you will need to maintain it regularly.
• prone to scratching.

Learn more about wood countertops.

7. Solid surface

A moderately expensive artificial material. You can use it for a great part of your countertops in the kitchen, especially round the sink. You can integrate it with the sink, just as with steel and concrete.

Other qualities…

• durable and trouble-free maintenance.
• easily shaped edges.
• a variety of styles exist.
• it is possible for it to have strong visual appeal, like stone.
• damage such as scratches and burns can be repaired.
• stain-resistant and waterproof.

Disadvantages…

• vulnerable to heat.
• prone to scratching.

Learn more about solid surface countertops.

8. Quartz (or engineered stone)

An expensive but quality material for countertop. A great percentage of it is real quartz stone. You can place it everywhere in your kitchen, as with granite and steel. Again, if price is a consideration it can be used just for a kitchen island.

Some of its characteristic features…

• durable, smooth and scratch-resistant.
• a visually appealing material with consistent colors.
• adds a luxurious element to your kitchen.
• stain-resistant and waterproof.
• heat-resistant.
• trouble-free maintenance.

Learn more about quartz countertops.

9. Glass

Glass is not often thought of as a material for countertops, yet glass is an ideal material for modern kitchen countertops.

Characteristic features…

• glass looks beautiful and adds a transparent or translucent depth to your kitchen countertops as compared to the traditional opaque countertops.
• glass provides an aesthetic as well as a functional advantage, and can be totally customized as per your tastes and requirements.
• when it comes to maintenance and hygiene, glass countertops are the best, since they are absolutely non-porous, moisture-resistant and stain resistant.
• glass can endure heat, and is suitable for areas around ovens and stoves.

Disadvantages…

• prone to cracking.

Learn more about glass countertops.

Price of kitchen countertops

The price of your countertops depends on the materials used and how difficult the work is:

• color, pattern, texture.
• shaping the edges.
• size.
• possibility of integration with the sink.
• installation…

Kitchen countertops installation

Even if the installation of your kitchen countertops looks easy, I recommend that you use the services of a professional.

Slate countertops in the form of tiles with different sizes. Photo courtesy of Lopez Service.

Slate is a naturally occurring product that can be found all rather easily. Slate is usually quarried in large slabs which will then be cut down to the size that is needed for the buyer. In the United States, however, typical colors are usually what you will find. If you are looking for more exotic styles and colors of slate, then it will probably have to be shipped in from other countries such as China, Turkey, Pakistan and a number of South American countries.

By choosing slate as your designated material for your countertops, you are pretty much guaranteeing that you will have a unique, one-of-a-kind kitchen or bathroom. With each slab of slate, the pattern and color variations will be different; however, slate will still add the sophisticated and highly sought after feel that everyone is craving. Slate countertops will also add value to your home. Isn’t that great? Different finishes are available for your preference, whether it is honed (matte) or polished and with the unique patterns, waves and spots, your countertops will never look more beautiful.

There are a few drawbacks to having slate countertops in your kitchen. Even though slate is highly heat resistant which makes it perfect for the kitchen, it is prone to cracks and splits. When choosing slate as your material, make sure that the edges are rounded, this will help to discourage chipping in your countertops.

Cost of slate countertops

Slate is definitely comparable to granite and marble; however, it tends to be the least expensive out of the three. You can still plan on paying at least $50 per square foot, maybe more, and that doesn’t include the cost of installation. Design, movement of colors within the slab, the color and the country of origin all affect the cost of the slate. More rare colors and the fact that some will have to be imported mean that you will pay a higher price. Slate that comes from the United States will end up being less expensive. If the price is still too high for you but you like the look of slate, then another option that you have is to go with slate tiles. The quality is the same, edges can be seen and they tend to be a little harder to clean along the grout lines. Another option is just using the slate slabs around areas that need the extra durability such as the stove and sinks. Then you can use a cheaper material such as laminate for the rest.

Tips for buying slate countertops

Slate slabs come is various sizes and shapes. Remember that they are usually cut to size and are usually thicker than slate tiles. Measure out the length and width that you will need so that you are sure to purchase a slab that will work.

When it comes to the tiles, make sure that the lot numbers are the same on the boxes so that you can pretty much guarantee that the color and patterns will be from the same lot. When purchasing, make sure that you buy a few extra boxes, just in case you need them. It is better to have too much than to have to return to the store to get more only to find out that they are sold out of the lot number that you need.

Another thing that you could do to make sure that everything coordinates, is to enlist the help of an interior designer. They will be able to provide a great viewpoint on whether you want cooler tones or warmer tones and how you can cut costs here and there.

Slate countertops installation and maintenance

Slate can be tricky, especially when you have to cut it. It is expensive, so it will be in your best interest to allow professionals to handle the installation of the slate countertops for you.

Although your slate countertop will require minimal maintenance, make sure you ask your installer for exact maintenance instructions.

Don’t forget that you will have to re-seal the countertops on a regular basis. Sealing prevents water and other liquids from entering the pores, as this can lead to staining or roughening of the surface.

Acidic liquids such as vinegar and lemon juice can etch the slate surface, and therefore should be used with care.

Warm soapy water is the best for cleaning slate countertops. Avoid harsh cleaning liquids as they may erode into the surface making it rough.

Although slate is hard, it is not as hard as granite and can be scratched or cracked. Therefore do not drag heavy utensils or appliances across its surface. Also, never cut directly on the surface.

Kitchen island with stainless steel countertop and sink. Photo courtesy of AK Metal Fabricators.

It’s important that you don’t spend too much time in cleaning the countertop. Stainless steel countertops are great because they aren’t porous and hence the bacteria cannot seep in. This means that your kitchen countertop would always remain hygienic and maintenance isn’t an issue. These units have a long-life as they are water-proof and also heat-proof. So you don’t have to think twice about how the countertops could become unsafe due to prolonged usage. This is a popular choice as the entire unit is a single piece – the countertop, sink, and backsplash can all be combined and this ensures there’re no slips and seams. Thanks to this design, the task of cleaning would be that much less cumbersome.

You should go for stainless steel countertops when your kitchen is tiny and feels like you could do with some more space. Because steel reflects light it would seem like there’s extra brightness; the area ‘becomes’ roomier. If your kitchen is already spacious, you can always do with more room. These days, countertops are available in so many different grains and styles that you would be spoilt for choice. Whatever be the theme of your kitchen and the architectural style, there’s a steel countertop just for you.

The only factor that makes people want to rethink about stainless steel countertops is that they have a very industrial feel and don’t look very homely. According to some people, they don’t exude any warmth. Another more practical consideration is that they tend to be noisy.

How much do stainless steel countertops cost?

Depending upon the quality of stainless steel, it could cost you $50 and upwards. While some places do include the cost of installation, some places don’t. Thus a steel countertop is as expensive as that made of granite or quartz.

What some people do is reduce the “industrial feel” by using stainless steel only for those areas that would see a lot of activity such as the range or around the sink. The rest is done up with laminate or a similar economical option.

The total cost of stainless steel countertops would be determined by the manufacturer, size, design, and how superior the metal is.

What to look out for when getting stainless steel countertops?

If you want a prefabricated steel countertop, then it would save you the hassle of having to put it together. This is cheaper but you wouldn’t have much say in its look-and-feel. Alternatively, you could get the unit customized to your specifications. You can get it made just the way you want to, with any modifications or enhancements. This would cost you more than something that’s readily available.

Don’t compromise on the quality of the steel. You would only end up spending more at a later point of time. A superior grade and gauge means that the countertop would be less prone to staining and rusting. A good way to start off would be to check out stainless steel 304 whose gauge is 18. If you can get 16 gauge it’s that much better.

Installation of stainless steel countertops

Even if you have done some woodwork before, it would be wise to hire a contractor who has installed stainless steel countertops before. A sturdy base is a must and you then attach the countertop to this underlying structure. Such an arrangement also minimizes noise. People generally prefer using plywood for the base.

You must ensure that the countertop is installed firmly and is held in place. Otherwise there could be dents and the unit would produce a lot of noise. It’s hence advisable to get a professional to install stainless steel countertops.

How to maintain stainless steel countertops?

Don’t use harsh chemicals to clean the countertop. You just need mild soap and water. Wipe the countertop dry with a soft cloth. Thus, cleaning stainless steel countertops is very easy and simple.

It could be a little tough to always be careful around this unit. You may not pull utensils and other appliances across the countertop. This could scratch the surface. You must not use the countertop as a cutting board. Remember that a textured finish is ideal to hide minuscule scratches.

You can always ask the manufacturer for tips on how you could maintain your stainless steel countertop and enhance its life.

• Wood offers a feeling of warmth and coziness to the atmosphere in the room.
• Wood fits in with any decor and offers a nice counterpoint to the metal and stone surfaces present in the kitchen.
• Like stone, wood is a natural substance and since no two pieces are the same, every wood countertop is unique.
• Since working with wood is easy, wood countertops are available in a large variety of finishes, shapes and designs. Because of this they fit in with any kitchen theme from the traditional to the most modern.
• Minor damage to the wood countertops is easily repaired by sanding.
• Because wood is not as hard as stone and metal, breakables dropped on it may not shatter.

Kitchen island with wood countertop. Photo courtesy of Artisan Group.

Types of wood countertops

It is important that the type of wood used matches what the countertop will be used for. Hard woods like maple, oak, beech and teak are best for functional countertops used as butcher blocks or any kind of food preparation or chopping. Softer woods, being easier to work with, are better for decorative applications like kitchen islands where heavy work is not done but the looks and finish are important.

The grain orientation or the way the countertop is made will also affect the looks and the utility of the countertop. There are 2 main ways the wood is used (or oriented) when making countertops.

1. End grain countertops are made by using wooden planks in a vertical position so that the evenly cut ends of these boards, when fitted together, form the work surface. This is how butcher block countertops are made. This method provides for durable heavy duty countertops and is best for cutting and chopping work.

End grain wood countertop also known as butcher block

2. In the case of face grain countertops, the planks of wood are fitted together horizontally. This allows the grain of the wood to display and enhances its beauty. This method is best for decorative countertops.

Face grain wood countertop

The cost of wood countertops

Wood is generally less expensive than stone and many metal and solid surfaces, but more costly than laminates. The cost of wood depends on factors like the type of wood, the finish applied, the size and design and the manufacturer. Prices generally start from $30 upwards per square foot – and this may or may not include installation costs.

Buying wood countertops

1. Wood is prone to burn, scratch, dent and moisture damage. Therefore you may want to combine wood with other material to make your countertop more practical. The areas that receive the harshest treatment such as the cooking area and the washing area can be made of granite or quartz and the rest can be made of wood.

2. You can either go in for prefabricated countertops which are available in specific sizes, materials and designs or get one custom made to a defined size, with your design and using the wood you want. You will have to send all the specifications to the fabricator who will make the countertop and ship it to you.

3. Keep the cabinetry in mind when choosing a countertop, and ensure that it complements the rest of the kitchen. Use interior design magazines for ideas and if possible, get the advice of an interior designer.

4. Wood countertops when used with hardwood flooring, mantels, cornices and molding add a sense of balance to the kitchen.

5. If you need a butcher block, setting it in another countertop or covering it around an existing countertop, is a good idea.

Installing wood countertops

Because wood expands and contracts it is important that a countertop is fitted by a professional, so there is no later warping or splitting. Often manufacturers will advise that rather than glue, slotted screw holes should be used to fix the countertops since that holds the countertop firm but also allows for expansion.

If the countertop is not perfectly level, uneven tensions can develop, leading to cracking of the wood.

Keep in mind that undermount and country farm sinks are more likely to allow water to fall on the countertop, this can cause damage to the wood, and so self rimming sinks are a better option. And for cooktop cutouts, insulation should be used to dissipate the heat.

Maintaining wood countertops

Wood countertops, and especially butcher blocks which have no protective finish like varnish, lacquer or shellac, need regular maintenance to keep them in good condition and to retain their looks. Normally periodic application of food grade mineral oil is enough to keep the wood from drying and cracking.

Ask the supplier or installer for specific care tips, especially on how to seal the surface. Wood is porous and unless it is sealed, water, chemicals and other substances can seep in and cause damage.

Under normal use, a daily wash with soap and water should be enough to keep the countertop clean.

For wooden counters, make sure to place hot utensils on trivets, use cutting boards and wipe up any spills immediately. With butcher blocks you don’t need to be as concerned. You could think of fitting metal heat bars over a part of the surface next to the heat source to function as a permanent trivet.

With a solid surface it is possible to have the countertop, sink and backsplash in one piece. Because of this there are no slips and seams, so the unit looks more attractive and also easy to clean.

Solid surface material is non porous which makes it sanitary and easy to maintain since dirt and grime will not be absorbed. These countertops, which are available in a variety of colors and patterns, are stain and water resistant, so they never need polishing or sealing.

Solid surface countertop and sink - DuPont’s Corian brand

Solid surface countertops, like DuPont’s Corian brand, are completely synthetic and are made from sheets created by mixing acrylic and/or polyester resins with mineral compounds. The manufacturing process ensures that while the look is that of natural stone, the finish is smooth, uniform and seamless with no color variations.

A wide range of finishes are available including matte, semi gloss, glossy and satin allowing the countertops to fit into any kitchen décor.

Solid surface countertops are the ideal choice for those who want to personalize the color and shape of their countertops. Similar to concrete in many ways, solid surface means that the material can be shaped to meet the user’s requirements. The material can be cut, routed, drilled, sculpted, bent or even worked like wood to create unique and distinctive shapes, or just to fit into awkward spaces.

Solid surface countertops have one drawback – although heat resistant to a point, they cannot accept high heat. Users must ensure that when placing hot utensils on the countertops they use hot pads or trivets.

Since the color in the countertops goes all the way through the material, repairing small nicks, scratches and burns is easy, as all that has to be done is to sand down the surface. However, it is advisable to call in professionals in case of any major damage.

How much do solid surface countertops cost?

The price of the countertops will depend on various factors like color, finish, design, size and the manufacturer. But the fact remains that they are not cheap. A thumb rule is that you can expect the prices to be from $50 onwards per square foot (installation may be extra) or about the same as natural stone. However, the thing to keep in mind is that it is the appearance, long life and ease of cleaning that has enabled these countertops to retain their popularity with consumers over the years.

Among the well known brands are Corian, Swanstone, Staron and Avonite.

How to choose solid surface countertops?

1. Keep the overall kitchen décor and color scheme in mind when selecting solid surface countertops so that the countertops fit into the overall look and feel of the kitchen. It’s worthwhile getting samples and using these to match the countertops with the existing décor.

2. It’s a good idea to consult an interior designer for help in choosing the right designs and colors.

3. By and large, light colored cabinets look good with dark solid surfaces and dark cabinets with light surfaces.

4. If you would like to reduce your costs you could consider using solid surface only in high use areas and covering other spaces with laminates or other less expensive materials.

How to install solid surface countertops?

Installing these countertops is a job for an expert – they are heavy and need expert handling to ensure they are not damaged during installation. Please remember that before hiring a contractor you should check both his overall experience, and the amount of solid surface countertops he has installed. This is not a job for amateurs or the DIY enthusiast.

Maintaining solid surface countertops

Maintaining solid surface countertops is not difficult and is only a matter of a little care and common sense.

• Follow the manufacturer’s maintenance instructions.  They know their product best and a failure to follow the maintenance policy could lead to a cancellation of the warranty.
• All that is needed for daily cleaning is a simple wash with soap and water.
• It is important to make sure to wipe the countertop completely dry after cleaning – this will protect the finish.
• As mentioned above, be careful not to place hot pots and pans directly in contact with the countertop.
• When cutting anything on the countertop, always use a cutting board. This will prevent the knife leaving marks on the surface.
• Do not drag utensils or appliances across the countertops as this may cause the surface to get scratched.

Glass looks beautiful and adds a transparent or translucent depth to your kitchen countertops as compared to the traditional opaque countertops. Therefore glass countertops make your kitchen look bright and roomy.

Glass countertops with red cabinets in a modern kitchen. Photo courtesy of ThinkGlass.

Glass provides an aesthetic as well as a functional advantage, and can be totally customized as per your tastes and requirements. You can have it cut, shaped, textured, colored or decorated with artwork and detailed edges, all according to your preferences.

Glass countertops can be as simple as a transparent sheet of glass or they can be designed into translucent sheets with smooth, etched, sandblasted, patterned or grooved finishing.

When it comes to maintenance and hygiene, glass countertops are the best, since they are absolutely non-porous, moisture-resistant and stain resistant.

Glass can endure heat, and is suitable for areas around ovens and stoves. Nevertheless, hotplates are recommended for glass countertops.

Glass countertops can be lit up from underneath, making them unique. Lighting up glass countertops makes them visually appealing and creates a dramatic and elegant ambiance around your kitchen. The lighting provides depth and an ornamental appearance that no other countertop material can achieve.

In keeping with the eco-friendly trend, recycled glass countertops are available in amazingly beautiful colors, textures and designs. You can choose countertops embedded with cobalt blue, amber or bottle green accents that look like precious stones. These countertops are manufactured from materials such as dinnerware, bottles and window glass that are disposed of by homes and industries. These countertops are elegant, durable and non-toxic.

Recycled glass countertop. Photo courtesy of Vetrazzo.

Cost of glass and recycled glass countertops

Although glass is manufactured, its elegance demands a high price that is on par with naturally mined stones. A square foot of glass may cost approximately $50 or upwards. You may have to pay extra for installation.

The cost varies depending on the manufacturer, location, type, size, thickness, color and finish. Glass countertops with artistic detailing cost more.

For more economical options you can use a glass-laminate combination by using glass in areas of frequent use (such as the cooking and washing area) and laminate on the rest of the countertop.

Another option is to have a glass countertop just on the kitchen island, rather than on all countertops. This will provide an accented look and enhance the look of your kitchen without spending more.

Recycled glass countertops can cost as much as pure glass ones depending on the design and where you buy them from. If you shop around a bit, you are bound to find attractive ones that are on the cheaper side. The popular names for recycled glass countertops are IceStone, EnviroGLAS and Vetrazzo.

Tips for buying glass countertops

1. For countertops that blend best with your kitchen color scheme, you must consult an interior designer.

2. Looking through interior design magazines could give you a fair idea of the latest trends in countertops.

3. Recycled glass countertops are becoming very popular these days. Although they may not be considerably cheaper than pure glass ones, they can definitely make your friends appreciate the look of your kitchen and at the same time allow you to do your part in saving the environment.

Installation of glass countertops

Glass countertops must be installed only by a professional installer as glass can obviously crack and break. Therefore it takes a couple of skilled hands to do the job. The same goes for recycled glass countertops, which require an experienced installer in order to make it last and prevent problems in the future.

Maintenance of glass countertops

Glass is one of the most sanitary materials, and can be easily wiped clean with all-purpose cleaner or soapy water. Abrasive cleaning liquids are best avoided especially on recycled glass countertops.

Make sure to ask the installer for specific cleaning and maintaining instructions. It must be noted that recycled glass countertops may need to be resealed every year or two in order to prevent the concrete bonding from staining.

Avoid dropping heavy objects on glass countertops as they can crack.

Do not drag heavy kitchen appliances or sharp objects along the surface as they can scratch the surface and mar the finishing.

Textured or grooved glass surfaces and edges may require some special effort to clean them. Use a sponge or a soft cloth dipped in soapy water and move it along the grooves to clean it.

Soapstone is characterized by naturally formed specks and veins that give it a varied pattern, making each soapstone countertop look unique.

Soapstone countertop and sink with wood cabinets. Photo courtesy of Precision Built Tops.

Soapstone countertops have a smooth, shiny and non-porous surface; therefore they do not collect bacteria, are not absorbent and do not stain if wine or other liquids spill on them. They are also not etched by acidic liquids. Therefore they can last a lifetime without much maintenance.

Soapstone is highly heat resistant and is preferred for baking areas and fireplaces. Therefore placing hot pots directly from the stove on them will not affect them.

Soapstone can be carved into various shapes, and therefore rounded or square sinks can also be made using them. This gives uniformity and continuity to your countertop.

As far as color variety is concerned, soapstone has its limits since it is available only in various shades of gray.

Pricing of soapstone countertops

Soapstone is quarried from various parts of the world, and therefore it varies in pricing. Soapstone countertops that display color, in combination with attractive veining and flecking are on the costlier side. In addition, the company, size and thickness also determine the price.

Soapstone can be as expensive as marble and granite or can cost lesser depending on its quality and color variation. You can consider a rate that is more or less than $50 for one square foot of soapstone, which may include installation costs. Some contractors may charge you extra for installation.

If you are low on finance, soapstone tiles could be a beautiful alternative at a cheaper price. A soapstone-laminate combination would reduce your costs further. These are laminate countertops that use soapstone only in the areas of rugged use such as the cooking and washing area.

Buying tips for soapstone countertops

1. Before you choose your soapstone color and style, you must do your homework on how you can use it to complement your kitchen cabinets and color scheme.

2. Checking out some interior designing magazine can educate you about the latest trends. If you still feel unsure about the color shade and style, you can consult an interior designer.

3. Soapstone countertops are usually on the darker side and therefore they are best suited for light colored cabinets.

4. Soapstone blends well with shiny utensils, especially stainless steel. As well as with the sink, faucets and various other stainless steel appliances in the kitchen.

Installing soapstone countertops

Never attempt to install soapstone countertops on your own. The skilled hand of a professional installer is a must if you want your countertop to be well cut and leveled. A professional knows how to take the measurements and make the required templates. The slab will be cut exactly according to the templates to accommodate electrical and plumbing fixtures.

In order to attain a sturdy base, the installer may use metal rods, plywood and adhesives. If the base is strong, the countertop will not crack during installation or at a later time. Once your countertop is fitted on this base, the installer will begin to work on giving the seams and edges a quality finish, something that you will find difficult to achieve on your own.

Maintaining soapstone countertops

Although your soapstone countertop will require minimal maintenance, make sure you ask your installer for exact maintenance instructions.

Whether to seal soapstone or not, is a choice you will have to make. Some people prefer the weathered look and therefore do not seal soapstone countertops.

You can choose to coat it regularly with mineral oil in order to give depth and richness to the color. This is easy and can be done on your own.

Although soapstone is strong, it is best not to take it for granted. It can be scratched and chipped if you drag heavy pots or appliances across its surface, or hit it with heavy objects. Off course, the scratches can be removed by light sanding and reapplication of mineral oil on the surface.

Soapstone is impervious to lemon juice, vinegar and chemicals. Therefore some all-purpose cleaning liquids can be used for cleaning soapstone countertops, but avoid abrasive liquid and steel wool. Again, never take your countertop for granted and always use warm, sudsy water to clean your countertop.

Marble countertop with self-rimming sink

Marble countertops are unique, as each slab displays various patterns of veining and naturally formed designs that are hard to imitate. Every slab of marble looks different. This provides a distinctive element and adds a unique design and style to your kitchen.

Marble countertops come in a wide range of natural colors such as white, gold, pink, purple, green, blue, brown, grey and black. Therefore it is not difficult to choose one to match the color scheme of your kitchen.

When polished, marble countertops acquire a mirror finish. They look brighter and the color looks richer.

Being a natural stone, marble is durable. Although it is highly priced, it can serve you for a lifetime if properly maintained.

Bakers prefer marble as it does not get heated up and is ideal for rolling out pastries, pie crusts and other baked items.

Cost of marble countertops

If you want to purchase marble countertops, you must be ready for the cost as they are on the higher side, and on par with that of granite. The price begins with $50 for a square foot, and this may sometimes include installation charges.

The price of marble depends on various factors such as the manufacturer, origin, color, size, thickness, soft mineral content and style. Marble countertops that display color movement, veining and other distinctive patterns cost higher.

If you want a less costly deal, marble tiles are comparatively much cheaper. They have all the properties of natural marble and also look good, but the only drawback is that the borders are visible and a little difficult to clean inspite of filling them with grout.

For a more economical alternative, you can use a combination of marble and laminate.

Tips for buying marble countertops

1. First and foremost, you must keep in mind the color scheme and style of your kitchen, and the color of your cabinetry. Your countertop must blend with your kitchen décor.

2. If you are not sure about the color and style, you can consult an interior designer. You can also look through some interior designing magazines in order to get a fair idea of what looks good and also know the current trends.

3. If your kitchen cabinets are dark in color, you can choose a light colored marble slab, as it will brighten up the area. Similarly, dark colored marble countertops look great on cabinets with light color.

4. If you are choosing marble tiles, you must choose tiles with a somewhat consistent color and pattern.

5. If you are using a combination of marble and laminate, see to it that the action areas such as the cooking and washing areas are covered with marble, and the rest of the countertop, with laminate.

Installation of marble countertops

Marble is heavy, and requires an experienced hand in order to level it and install it. Therefore always let a professional installer do the job. The installer will create templates keeping in mind the sink, the electrical fixtures and the plumbing fixtures. The marble is precisely cut based on these templates.

In order to attain a sturdy base, the installer may use metal rods, plywood and adhesives. If the base is strong, the countertop will not crack during installation or at a later time. Next, the marble slab is fitted on the base and the seams are filled. The borders are ground or made smooth. A sealant is applied on the surface and the countertop is polished to a shiny finish. The sealant protects the slab by preventing liquid from entering the porous surface or from eating into the soft minerals. It also keeps the slab from staining. Therefore you will have to seal it regularly.

Maintenance of marble countertops

Always ask the supplier for instructions on how to maintain marble countertops. He should be able to guide about polishing, sealing and cleaning of the countertop.

Always use warm and mild soapy water to clean your marble countertop. Harsh cleaning liquids will eat into the soft mineral and make the surface rough. Also handle lemon juice, vinegar and other acidic food with caution, as they may cause etching of the surface.

Although marble is hard, it is not as hard as granite and can be scratched or cracked. Therefore do not drag heavy utensils or appliances across its surface. Also, never cut directly on the surface as you may scratch the sealant and the surface of the countertop.

A Video about Marble Countertops

Tile countertops and backsplashes made of porcelain

Tile countertops can be made of various materials such as marble, granite, travertine, slate or limestone. You can even go for porcelain or ceramic tile countertops. These manmade materials are made of clay as their main constituent, and are treated with high temperatures in order to make them strong and durable.

Benefits of tile countertops:

• With tile countertops, you have more versatile options when it comes to colors, textures, patterns and sizes. It is easy to choose one or more colors that will blend well with your kitchen color scheme or theme.
• Tile countertops can be merged into beautiful tile work laid out to look elegant. It can also come with matching wall backsplashes to give your kitchen a stylish look. If done well, each piece of tile can be seamlessly integrated into one single attractive countertop.
• These tile countertops are durable and comparatively cheaper than large slabs.
• Well matched pieces of natural stone tiles can give your countertop a sophisticated look, as the natural stone patterns can stand out.
• Tile countertops made of some natural materials such as granite are very popular. They are also very hard and long lasting. In order to get durability at a comparatively lower cost, you can go in for porcelain or ceramic tiles.
• They can withstand high temperatures depending on the materials they are made of. Porcelain and glazed ceramic can resist scratching and staining.

Limitations of tile countertops:

• Although they are hard, porcelain and ceramic tiles are fragile; so it’s a good idea to keep some extra tiles handy.
• You cannot use tile countertops as rolling surfaces, as the surfaces are not plain and contain gaps along the seams.
• Grout used to fill gaps around the tiles can get porous over time and be a breeding ground for germs. Therefore you will have to pay more attention to hygiene and maintenance.

Pricing of tile countertops

You can buy tiles at a cost of $5 a square foot or more, which works out to a fraction of the cost of large slabs. The factors determining the price are manufacturer, tile size, material and design.

If you want to go in for custom-made tile or hand-painted ones, they are quite costly.

Buying tips for tile countertops

1. You must purchase tiles that would blend with your kitchen cabinetry and the color scheme of your kitchen.

2. If you want a more seamless look, you can go in for tiles of a larger size. This will minimize the grout lines and make your countertop easier to clean.

3. Using colored grout can add to the seamless look of tile countertops.

4. You do not have to use only one tile color and size. You can use tiles of two or more contrasting colors and sizes. An interior designer can assist you in putting together an attractive countertop design with colorful borders and accents.

5. The beauty of tile countertops can be enhanced by adding liners and corners.

6. Always buy some extra tiles in case you have to replace broken tiles. Purchasing them separately later will be much expensive.

Installation of tile countertops

Installing tile countertops takes a lot of expertise as each tile has to be properly laid and leveled. Moreover, incorrect handling can lead to breaking of tiles during installation or at a later stage. Therefore it is best installed by a professional installer.

An experienced installer will prepare a base for the tiles and then lay them out piece by piece without leaving large gaps. Then he will level them and fill the spaces with grout and apply sealant, if required, to form an almost uniform surface. You must ask the installer beforehand about what type of sink is best for tile countertops. Usually tile-in sinks with flat borders and right-angled edges are best for tile countertops.

Maintenance of tile countertops

Ask the manufacturer and installer for specific instructions on how to maintain your tile countertop.

It is best to seal the surface of tile countertops made of natural stone or unglazed ceramic tiles, as they are porous. Resealing will be required on a regular basis. Sealing prevents water and other liquids from entering the pores, as this can lead to staining or roughening of the surface.

Do not drag or drop heavy utensils on the surface as this may lead to cracking of the tiles.

Also, handle acidic organic and chemical liquids such as lime juice and vinegar with caution, as they may eat into the surface making it rough. Never use harsh cleaning liquids as they can ruin the sealing and the grout.

Mild soapy water is the best for cleaning tile countertops.

How-To Videos

How to Tile a Kitchen Countertop with Sink Part 1

How to Tile a Kitchen Countertop with Sink Part 2

Natural quartz is the fourth hardest material available in nature, but quarts surfacing that is used in quartz countertops is actually manufactured by combining about 93% quartz crystals with resin binding and color pigments under high pressure. It is also known as quartz composite or engineered stone.

Quartz countertops with marble backsplashes

Quartz countertops look like natural stone and add a luxurious element to your kitchen. Their beauty lasts for a long time inspite of the rugged kitchen work.

Quartz countertops resist staining, scratching and high temperatures. They cannot be etched by chemical cleaning agents and therefore remain smooth and hygienic.

Quartz countertops do not require resealing as required in countertops made of natural stone, and remain smooth and easy to maintain.

Engineered quartz stone does not display veining. Unlike natural stone such as granite, its pattern is consistent and uniform and therefore it is ideal for large countertops.

Due to its uniform appearance the seams do not become obvious as in natural stone countertops.

The edges also look neat and can be carved into various shapes such as bevel, ogee or bullnose.

One disadvantage of quartz countertops is that inspite of costing almost as much as natural stone, buyers prefer natural stone such as granite. Buyers always put a higher value on natural stone countertops, and therefore you must understand that investing in quartz countertops may not increase the resale value of your home.

Although quartz composite is manufactured to replicate the look of natural stone, it may fall short of the naturally formed patterns of natural stone. This limitation can be made good when you consider the many options, the wide color range and the consistent pattern seen on quartz countertops.

Before selecting quartz countertops you may want to compare the engineered stone with samples of natural stone. This will help you arrive at the right choice.

Cost of quartz countertops

Quartz countertops are made of engineered material, but their prices work out to be similar to natural stone countertops; therefore they are considered to be on the costlier side. Quartz costs about $50 or more per square foot, which may or may not include installation cost.

This cost is determined by various factors such as the manufacturer, location, size, color and finish. The popular names for quartz countertops are Cambria, Silestone, CaesarStone, HanStone and Zodiaq.

Tips for buying quartz countertops

1. Keep in mind your kitchen décor while choosing the color, design and edge style of quartz countertops.

2. Contrasting colors will always look great. For example, if your cabinetry is of a lighter color, dark quartz countertops will look great. On the other hand if your cabinets are of a darker shade, a lighter quartz countertop would add some brightness and warmth to your kitchen.

3. A good way to understand color complementing is to look up some home décor magazines. For creating an attractive color scheme you can also consult an interior designer.

4. If you are looking at a smaller budget, you can of course combine quartz with uniform colored laminate, but be careful to use the hard and durable quartz near areas of rugged use and also around the sink area, as laminate can be damaged. This combination will be much cheaper and elegant if properly done.

Installation of quartz countertops

You will have to hire an experienced contractor to install quartz countertops. These are heavy and need careful handling. This is not a DIY job and may result in broken slabs if not installed with care.

Before hiring an installer, check out some of his work and see to it that he is certified to do the job. Also, he should be willing to co-ordinate with you and get the job done as per your preferences and customization.

Maintenance of quartz countertops

A good contractor will always advise you about how to use and maintain your newly installed countertop.

Quartz countertops are the hardest countertops you will find in the market and may last a lifetime. They have a smooth, scratch-proof, non-porous and glossy finish. Therefore they are easy to clean; do not get stained and do not require resealing.

Although quartz is hard, you need not use abrasive cleaning materials. Just warm soapy water will be enough.

If you avoid dragging and pounding heavy objects across the surface of quartz countertops, their sheen can be maintained for a very long time.